In the ever-evolving landscape of modern cinema, cultural representation holds immense power. Movies serve as a gateway to different worlds, providing glimpses into diverse cultures and traditions. The Yoruba culture, with its rich history, vibrant art, and profound traditions, has captured the imagination of audiences worldwide. However, as the influence of streaming services like Netflix and foreign production companies such as Sony permeates the film industry, the authenticity of Yoruba art and culture in movies has become a subject of scrutiny. This article delves into the various facets of Yoruba culture depicted in selected films, examining the missing elements and their impact on cultural representation.
Exploring Authenticity
Drawing upon extensive research and primary sources, this article delves into the portrayal of Yoruba culture in movies, with a specific focus on critically acclaimed films from Tunde Kelani’s Mainframe Productions that effectively promote Yoruba heritage, including “Saworoide” and “Arugba.” It also examines a Sony Production that depict a tribe in West Africa in a story that has tremendous significance to the Yoruba people in the Old Oyo empire, “The Woman King,” as well as the Netflix-produced film in collaboration with Kunle Afolayan’s Production, “Anikulapo.” Each of these cinematic works offers a distinct perspective on Yoruba art and culture, presenting both successful depictions and missed opportunities in capturing the essence of this vibrant and rich heritage.
Unveiling Traditional Attires and Dresses
Traditional attires and dresses play a crucial role in Yoruba culture, reflecting the richness of its customs. “Saworoide,” “Arugba,” “Anikulapo”, “Elesin Oba” and other well-crafted Yoruba films excel in accurately portraying Yoruba traditional attire. From the intricately designed caps (Fila) to the elegantly draped Iro (wrapper) and the finely crafted Buba (upper garment), these movies showcase the diverse and mesmerizing range of Yoruba clothing. However, “The Woman King” missed opportunities to fully capture the intricacies and authenticity of Yoruba attire, falling short in their representation of this integral cultural element. In the movie, Oba, the main antagonist was portrayed as wearing a turban like the Fulanis he was in cahoots with but historical, the Oyo empire was always at war with the Fulanis even as at the period the movie was set in.
The Essence of Ifa Divination
Ifa divination holds a profound place in Yoruba spirituality and religion, serving as a guiding force that provides insights and wisdom to individuals and communities. “Saworoide” and “Arugba” skillfully capture the essence of Ifa divination, immersing viewers in the world of Babalawos (Ifa priests) as they consult Ifa using various divination tools, such as the Ifa tray, divination palm nuts (Ikin Ifa), and lot casting instruments (Ibo). These films go the extra mile by emphasizing the recitation of Ifa verses (Odus), adding an authentic and immersive touch to the portrayal of Ifa divination. Unfortunately, although “The Woman King” features glimpses of the Ifa oracle, it falls short in clearly depicting the Odu Ifa, which is usually represented with fingerprints on the oracle board. Also downplays the significance of Odu Ifa by ommiting the recitation of Ifa verses.
Resonating Drums, Enchanting Songs, and Dynamic Dance
Drums, songs, and dance form the heartbeat of Yoruba cultural expressions. They convey emotions, tell stories, and celebrate the richness of Yoruba traditions. “Saworoide” and “Arugba” excel in showcasing the vital role of drums, particularly the mesmerizing rhythms of the talking drum (gangan). These films skillfully present traditional Yoruba dances, with synchronized hand gestures, rhythmic footwork, and captivating facial expressions, enhancing the authenticity of Yoruba cultural representation. Very scenes in the “The Woman King” and “Anikulapo” captured the true essence of Yoruba artistic expression which is even more highlighted in past Yoruba movies depicting how social the culture is.
The Power of Ifa Verses, Folk Songs, and Parables
Yoruba culture is deeply rooted in oral traditions, with Ifa verses, folk songs, and parables playing a significant role in communication and cultural preservation. “Saworoide,” “Arugba,” and other well-crafted Yoruba films skillfully employ these elements, conveying important messages and capturing the essence of Yoruba oral traditions. The inclusion of proverbs, in particular, adds depth and wisdom to the narrative, illuminating cultural values. “The Woman King” and “Anikulapo” failed to explore and leverage these integral aspects, resulting in a less authentic portrayal of Yoruba culture.
Preserving Yoruba Language and Accents
Language is an integral part of cultural identity, and Yoruba movies have often embraced the use of Yoruba language, dialects, and accents to enhance authenticity. “Saworoide” and “Arugba” effectively utilize Yoruba language, emphasizing its cultural and political significance. “The Woman King” falls short in this aspect, featuring very few African actors, thereby diluting the authenticity of the language representation.
Celebrating Yoruba Symbols, Architecture, and Art
Yoruba symbols, architecture, and art offer visual cues that reflect the cultural and spiritual significance of the Yoruba people. “Saworoide” and other meticulously crafted Yoruba films incorporate these elements seamlessly. Symbols such as the Staff of Office and the Igba (Calabash) symbolize authority and religious rituals, while the architectural portrayal showcases traditional Yoruba housing structures, emphasizing the importance of compounds and open spaces. Yoruba arts, including the enchanting masquerades (Egungun) and royal beaded crowns, contribute to the visual splendor and authenticity of Yoruba cultural aesthetics.
Striking a Balance for Authentic Representation
While streaming services and foreign production companies like Netflix and Sony have provided Yoruba stories and filmmakers with unprecedented opportunities, it is essential to ensure a balance between accessibility and authenticity. Collaborating with cultural experts, consultants, and community members can help Yoruba filmmakers maintain a faithful representation of Yoruba art, traditions, language, and aesthetics in modern movies. By fostering a deeper understanding of Yoruba culture and collaborating with experts, filmmakers can enhance the accuracy and authenticity of Yoruba cultural representation on the big screen. Ultimately, the exploration and celebration of Yoruba art and culture in movies contribute to the preservation and appreciation of this vibrant and diverse heritage.
In conclusion, the representation of Yoruba art and culture in modern movies is a delicate balance between authenticity and accessibility. While films like “Saworoide” and “Arugba” succeed in capturing the true essence of Yoruba traditions, others such as “The Woman King” and “Anikulapo” fall short in fully representing the rich tapestry of Yoruba culture. As the influence of streaming services and foreign production companies continues to shape the film industry, it is crucial for Yoruba filmmakers to remain steadfast in their commitment to authentic cultural representation. By embracing collaboration, cultural consultation, and a deep appreciation for Yoruba heritage, filmmakers can ensure that Yoruba art and culture continue to shine on the global cinematic stage.